Body acne can appear anywhere on the body. Body acne can plague from the skin all parts the body. The skin is the largest organ of the body and many layers of the layer being the most common skin. Most often frequent acne on the face, followed by other parts of the body. Chest, shoulders, back and buttocks can become affected areas on the body. It is identifiable by the prominent red spots that itch and can be painful. In severe cases, these small spots may increase inflammation and make them more painful.

Different methods work for different people, and not all body acne solutions are all winners. Body acne can be more difficult to treat and deal because of the stress that everyday, acne on the body is more apt to be restless. Get enough sleep quality and load on beneficial foods and plenty of water can provide the best possible environment for healthy skin. Body acne can be treated with medications and hormonal prescriptions from a dermatologist.

Body acne can be prompted by a number of factors: over production of oil in the skin, glands, hormonal imbalance, excessive perspiration and constant wearing of tight clothing, especially those from certain synthetic fibers. The first two reasons explain why the body acne is more common among teenagers than adults. First, you should try to wear light clothes that breathe as often as possible. This will reduce the amount of sweat that you often irritate the skin pores and results in acne breakouts. If you wear too much clothing, heavy objects, too often, you May also develop acne. Because the area of your back is very sensitive pores, become too warm and you sweat to attract dirt to the oil glands in this area of your body.

This condition is present because of your skin hyper sensitivity to certain factors. Clothing, detergents, softeners, body fluids, stress are some of the reasons for the prevalence of body acne. You may find that the situation is worsening in weather conditions and use of certain materials. Stress, physical and hormonal imbalances leading to an increase in sweating may aggravate your condition.

Body acne can be treated according to the severity of the condition. Contact your doctor and ask about treatment options that you can try. The doctor will prescribe antibiotics in May to see if the skin responds. Otherwise, the doctor prescribes stronger drugs. Make a point to ask questions about the side effects of drugs that are prescribed. If you prefer to avoid side effects, it is best to topical treatments, like laser treatment. Although the laser treatment is known to be effective, it takes time for the treated skin to return to normal. You must take the help of a specialist in the skin to avoid processing mistakes irreversible.

In such cases, doctors recommend topical medications instead of an acne body wash but for light and mild to moderate cases of acne, an acne body wash would be enough. In a few weeks or months, your body already may be totally free of acne or at least, suffering less unsightly pimples, papules and pustules. Since an acne body wash is no ordinary body wash, it comes with special ingredients. It may or have salicylic acid or benzyl peroxide. These active ingredients are used to cleanse the body more efficiently and unclog pores. In this way, it prevents the inflammation of the oil glands and hair follicles.

The body is more prone to acne because of the conditions. The skin on the back and the chest is more active when it comes to oil, sweat and hormones. These conditions not only increase the oils of your body, but the bacteria have a better chance of growth and cause more irritation, infection and inflammation. Therefore it may be difficult to get rid of acne on the body.

Another key to getting rid of body acne is to use the right treatment. You should find a treatment that cleans pores, soothes inflammation and get rid of dead skin cells together. One of the first things to consider when it comes to how to get rid of body acne is your health.

Especially for moderate to severe cases of body acne, it would be preferable to use other apart from the treatment of acne, acne body wash. The first trick to get rid of body acne is to stop wearing tight cloths. To get rid of body acne permanently, you need to know the stages of body acne treatment that will give you guaranteed results and an acne body wash that can be used on daily basis to control body acne.

For more information all about Acne, Acne Scars, Acne Treatment, Baby Acne, Acne Medicine, Acne Products and Skin Care Tips. Visit http://www.acnescartreatment.info

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Propionibacterium acnes, or p acne bacteria, the bacteria we all have on our skin is an essential life form. Like all life forms it fights to survive and sustain their lives. Surprisingly, these microscopic creatures that conventional medicine taught us to believe are the cause of acne, are actually a small part of the acne puzzle and a vital player in sustaining our inner balance and the health of our skin.

Acne bacteria are not contagious and everyone has acne bacteria on their skin, regardless if the individual suffers from acne or not. Streptococcus bacteria, for example, exist in everyone’s throat, but it doesn’t always cause a strep throat or tonsillitis. The reason is that similar to the acne bacteria these bacteria will not trigger the formation of a strep throat (or acne in the case of the acne bacteria) unless the specific condition or the right “environment” is created.

It is important to know that as long as the acne bacteria stays in balance with your internal system, acne bacteria will “mind their own business” and will defend the body from colonization of harmful bacteria. Acne bacteria feed themselves from the secretions of our sweat and sebaceous glands, and in a balanced biological state, sustains the flexibility of our skin.

Acne is an environment that forms only when the production of sebum on the skin is excessive. This excessive production of oil is triggered mainly by hormonal imbalance.

When blood toxins (usually blood toxins that are expelled through your skin) are mixed with this over production of oil, the p.acne invades the hair follicles and starts to multiply. The P. acne multiplies by feeding themselves of the oil using enzymes. As part of this feeding process, acne bacteria produces free fatty acids that irritate the skin. The body calls the white and red blood cells to defend itself. The red and white blood cells often cause an inflammatory response, that results in the familiar symptoms of acne: swelling, pus, whiteheads, nodules and pustules.

Killing the acne bacteria using antibiotics is a fruitless and destructive approach. Taking antibiotic is destructive because it upsets the natural balance of the P.acne in our body, eradicates the good probiotic bacteria and enables the intrusion of harmful bacteria to skin. Taking antibiotics is fruitless because constant intake of antibiotics will eventually cause the p.acne to become resistant to antibiotics. It is a fruitless approach also because it doesn’t stop the environment that caused the P.acne to multiply.

The only way to stop acne permanently is to neutralize the acne environment (when the bacteria multiplies and feeds on blood toxins and excessive production of oil). To stop acne, you must balance oil secretion and discharge your body from accumulated toxins and control the nutritional, hormonal, psychological and environmental triggers.

The secret for permanent clear skin is therefore, neutralizing all the factors that form the acne environment while keeping the p. acne bacteria at an optimal balance.

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Acne is a complex condition that is triggered by several underlying factors.

Instructions




1

Acne is a complex condition that is triggered by several underlying factors. The only way to neutralize your acne condition is to tackle all these acne-contributing factors-holistically. Since the wrong diet is only one of these acne-triggering factors, in most cases no special diet can cure acne.

There is a however, a tight connection between diet and acne formation. Dietary factors can trigger and aggravate your existing acne. Avoiding the wrong foods such as milk, sugar and hydrogenated oils, and eating cleansing and hormonal balancing foods such as green leafy vegetables and essential fatty acids, can help your skin heal itself from the inside out and dramatically reduce your acne symptoms.

2

There are also several important dietary principals that you must understand and follow if you ever want to cure your acne for good.

Taking responsibility over your body and adhering to these dietary principals along with taking the necessary steps to tackle all acne contributing factors, holistically, will not only cure your acne permanently and give you the flawless acne free skin you deserve, following these principals will also significantly improve your overall health, mental well-being, look and feel.

Mike Walden is a certified nutritionist, independent medical researcher, natural health consultant and author of the #1 best-selling e-book, “Acne No More- Open The Door To An Acne Free Life.” Mike has written dozens of holistic health articles and has been featured in ezines and print magazines, as well as on hundreds of websites worldwide. For information on Mike’s Holistic Clear Skin program,

Tips & Warnings

If you suffer from severe case of acne that has failed to respond to conventional treatments such as antibiotics, then your dermatologist may recommend the use of the popular Accutane or Isotretinoin. Accutane is a potent oral drug from Hoffman-LaRoche that has been proven highly effective for reducing acne symptoms dramatically after only one course of 15-20 weeks.

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Comments (2)










jay99, 6 months ago

waw very good

bidiu_c, 6 months ago

Good article,thanks

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Inquire from medical doctor if there is a connection between diet and acne and just about all of them will claim there is none. Quoting from the Journal of the American Medical Association: “Diet plays no role in acne treatment in most patients…even large amounts of certain foods have not clinically exacerbated acne”.

With years of medical education and clinical experience behind these assertions, how can we the simple folks who suffer from acne overcome these statements and think otherwise? The answer is: doubt. Doubt, if its stays in the confinement of reason, can open many doors otherwise will stay shut forever. Believe it or not, doubt can modify reality. Doubt can cure your acne and doubt can even save your life.

Fact is, innumerable acne sufferers have reported that their acne seemed to get worse when they consumed certain foods and saw striking positive change over their acne state when they Got rid of the same foods from their diet and when particular foods with specific nutritional value were merged into their diet.

So why do dermatologists so stubbornly posit that diet does not cause acne? The answer: you can’t make a profit propagating a healthy diet. At least not as much money as you could make by selling drugs and over the counters. There is a huge pressure upon doctors coming from the drug and pharmaceutical companies to recommend expensive medications and lotions that create dependence. The truth is, that your doctor is in a way, a captive by the trillion dollar drug companies. Did you know that the drug companies, who have no interest in producing something that they cannot control financially, sponsor most medical schools?

The right diet, although not a cure by itself, can, in many cases, dramatically reduce inflammation and even totally clear one’s acne (if you’re one of the fortunate ones who’s acne is triggered by allergic response to food). Promoting a clear skin diet simply means less profits for the drug and pharmaceutical companies.

The fact is that customary medications will never cure your acne, plainly because they are pre-designed NOT to fix the internal cause of acne. They are pre-designed to deal with the external symptoms of a disease as they create more and more dependency and more dependency means making more money all at our cost and lack of knowledge.

The Hypothesis That Diet Doesn’t Bring About Acne Is A Myth

The dogmatic theory that diet does not cause acne and that acne is merely an incurable genetic disorder was founded upon two dated researches published in 1969 and 1971 that were aimed at studying the relation between diet and acne.

These studies were the foundation of the ‘acne symptoms treatment strategy’, in other words, because acne is a genetic disease that cannot be stopped, the only way to deal with acne would be to tackle its symptoms (bacteria, inflammation, puss, redness, greasiness), by using creams, antibiotics, taking prescription drugs and over the counters.

Surprisingly enough, years after the above studies were publicized, clinical attempts and in depth researches experimenting the acne diet link have discovered that the studies from 1969 and 1971 had came to the false conclusions and were in fact seriously flawed.

Modern studies have clearly found a substantial connection between diet and acne. It appears that the wrong diet is now considered to be one of the prominent acne contributing factors that can negatively affect hormonal regulation and the natural activity of toxic removal, which can seriously one’s existing acne.

Diet Molds Who You Are (Including Your Acne)

In the same way that crashing waves shape beach cliffs and just like the wind shapes the canyon walls, slowly and methodically over time, so does eating shapes and effects our physic, our internal system, our physical and mental being, from the organ down to the cellular level.

The idea that an object foreign to our body that is inserted by the food that we eat, has no outcome on us, or has no impact on chronic conditions such as acne is illogical. Diet is the original thing that impacts and shapes who we are.

Diet has cumulative effect on our bodies, and that includes our skin state and acne, which is a manifestation of a chronic internal trouble slowly molded and built by the improper daily dietary choices over the years.

Acne Diet and The Kitavan Islanders

While in the U.S, more than 80% of teenagers between 16 and 18 have acne and more than 17 million Americans suffer from some form of acne, there is an engrossing evidence that native people that live and eat in traditionalistic ways, have significantly lower to no occurrences of acne.

In 2002, Dr. Cordain and his colleagues publicized a landmark study that examined 300 people living in the Kitavan Islands off the coast of Papua New Guinea that revealed that none of the islanders had even one blemish on his or her face. Similar to the Kitavans, no instance of acne had been observed when similar experiment had been carried out upon the South American Indians called the Ache, residing in a remote jungle in eastern Paraguay.

The natives of Kitavan and the South American Indians had no access to the current over the counters, topical creams or conventional acne medications and they had no dermatologist to consult with. The only vast difference between them and American or European citizens is their diet.

Acne Diet and Sugar: The Sweet Poison

Aside from the fact that sugar is a 100% pure chemical with no nutritional worth, modern findings have distinctly shown a relation between the ingestion of sugar and the aggravation of acne.

When you consume any kind of processed carbohydrates (white sugar, white flour, white rice) here’s what happens: right after you insert that ’sweet poison’ into your body, it speedily spikes up your blood sugar levels. Your body needs to bring those levels down so it secrets a surge of insulin, other male hormones and an insulin-like growth factor called IGF-1. The excretion of these hormones overwhelms your liver and your internal system in general. The male hormones encourage the skin to release large amounts of sebum oil: The greasy substance that encourages the p.acne bacteria to grow, resulting in the exacerbation of your acne.

Acne Diet and Dairy Products: Got Milk? Got Acne

If you thought sugar could exacerbate your acne, here’s another major nutritional player in the formation of acne: behold the miracles of milk. Milk (all dairy products included) is the most harmful, mucus forming, allergenic and acne exacerbating food you can find. Surprised? I thought so. After years of unfailing brainwashing by the media, who can accuse us for thinking milk is good for strong bones and healthy teeth? The truth is: every sip of milk contains 59 different intense hormones, (which trigger the hyper-production of sebum oil resulting in more acne), saturated animal fat, steroid hormones, dead white blood cells, and cow pus in abundance!

Did you know that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) endorses 750 million pus cells in every liter of milk (about two pounds) produced in America? Think about it, the next time you pop a pimple.

Scientific findings already point the finger at milk as one of the pessimal acne aggravating foods: “As pointed out by Dr. Jerome Fisher, ‘About 80 percent of cows that are giving milk are pregnant and are throwing off hormones continuously.’ Progesterone breaks down into androgens, which have been implicated as a factor in the development of acne…Dr. Fisher observed that his teenage acne patients improved as soon as the milk drinking stopped.”

If there’s one component you should take off from your diet in the quest for clear skin make it this one. Not only will you see a straightaway betterment over your acne, you’ll feel a huge burden has been raised from your body. If you worry about calcium intake, don’t! Milk being acidic forming food creates a leeching effect where calcium is taken from your bones to balance the acidity. Milk actually robs your body from its calcium resources. Green leafy vegetables, nuts and seeds are not only first-class sources of calcium they also have the powers to help you combat your acne symptoms.

Diet Is Only One of The Factors That Cause Acne

Dairy products and sugar are not the only acne exacerbating foods. The two above cannot sum up the list of western made acne triggering foods. There are various foods you should distinctly stay away from if you ever wish to clear your acne. The good news is that there are scores of other foods such as essential fatty acids that are not only excellent for your skin, they can actually help you clear your acne, by re-balancing your body and promoting to an acne-free environment.

The proper nutrition performs an important part in the complex process of acne formation. When doctors assert there is no connection between diet and acne because certain individuals can eat specific foods and get acne while others eat the same foods and don’t, these doctors have failed to realize that there are several factors involved in the formation and aggravation of acne and diet is only ONE of them.

The Final Verdict On The Acne Diet Connection: How To Finally Overcome Your Acne Challenge

Acne is a complex condition that is triggered by various underlying factors. The only way to knock off your acne condition is to take on all these acne-contributing factors-holistically. Since the improper diet is only one of these acne-triggering factors, in most cases no special diet can cure acne.

There is a however, a tight connection between diet and acne formation. Dietary factors can trigger and exacerbate your existing acne. Avoiding the wrong foods such as milk, sugar and hydrogenated oils, and eating cleansing and hormonal balancing foods such as green leafy vegetables and essential fatty acids, can help your skin heal itself from the inside out and dramatically reduce your acne symptoms.

There are also various fundamental dietary principals that you must know and follow if you ever want to cure your acne for good.

Taking charge over your body and adhering to these dietary principals along with taking the necessary steps to take on all acne contributing factors, holistically, will not only cure your acne for good and give you the unflawed acne free skin you merit, following these principals will also significantly improve your overall health, mental well-being, look and feel.

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Acne is one of the common problem among the entire world population starting from the age of puberty to old age.Almost everyone one of you must have seeked some acne treatment in your life.Only a few people neglect the thought of acne treatment and go on with their life.For the rest of the people,here is some tips on  acne treatment that will help you in sovling your acne problems.

What is acne?

            Acne is a common skin disease,characterized by areas of skin becoming scaly and red with blackheads,whiteheads,pinheads,pimples, large papules etc.,which may eventually lead to scarring. Acne affects mostly skin with the densest population of sebaceous glands which include the face, the upper part of the chest, and the back.
 

Age groups affected by Acne:-

                        Acne is more common in teenagers (both boys and gals) developing at puberty.But many women have it throughout their life or developed it during their adulthood.

Causes of Acne:-

            The basic pathology behind developing an acne is that –The pores in our skin are blocked by some material which may range from our own skin cells to particles from the environment.

(1)Hormones:- One of the common causes of acne is the male hormones that are secreted in both males and females.These hormones induce growth of skin tissues and the production of sebum from the skin.As a result of excess stimulation(as in case of urges in teenagers,just before periods in females,stress etc.) the following may occur.

The duct of the sebaceous gland can be blocked by skin cells to form a whitehead,or by sebum that darkens on exposure to air, forming a blackhead.

when sebum continues to be produced in a gland with a blocked duct, it may be forced out into surrounding tissue which attract  bacteria  present in the skin to cause an inflammation reaction, resulting in the tender red lump called the pimple. The pus formed by the inflammation  pushes towards the surface and breaks through the blockage of the duct, and the pimple drains and disappears, leaving no scar.

If the duct is very tightly blocked, then the inflammation may spread to the deeper layers of the skin and form raised purplish lumps that can take months or years to heal. Cystic acne is the most severe form, and results in pitting and scarring.

(2)Genetical Cause:-If the parents have acne, then their kids are also more prone of developing acne.

(3)Cosmetics:-Use of  cosmetics may also lead to Acne.

(4)Environmental Factors:-Environmental factors such as pollution and high level of humidity also cause acne.This is very rare.

Acne Myths:-

(1) Acne is caused by poor hygiene.Most people believe this myth and wash their face and other areas of acne frequently.But actually it will irritate the skin and make the acne worse.We should indeed keep our body free from dead tissues and dust particles,but they should not be removed by scrubbing by hand.Doctor’s advise to have a good hygiene is to wash your face gently twice a day with a mild soap,pat it dry(dont be rough with the towel) and use the correct acne treatment.

(2) Acne is caused by fatty foods.There is no connection between diet and acne.Its been proved scientifically that food stuffs,chocolates and other enjoyable dishes doesnt have a role in acne development.So go ahead and enjoy your food.

(3) Acne is a serious disease. Yes, acne does affect the way people look but its not a serious threat to ones physical health.It may result in permanent scars which affect the way people feel about themselves(self esteem).

(4)let acne finish its course. Acne is not a disease like cold that has to be let on its own way to complete its course.It can be solved easily. If the acne treatment you have tried dint give any results,consult a dermatologist and seek his acne treatment.

Acne Treatment

Numerous creams and medicines are available for acne treatment.All these drugs suppress the sebum secretion or kills bacteria on the skin and allow the skin to heal naturally.Some drugs also have their side effects.So be careful in takin them.

If you want to use drugs like creams and lotions for acne treatment,it is better to consult a dermatologist to avoid the risk of getting the adverse effects from acne treatment.Other natural ways for acne treatment are as follows.

Natural Treatment

(1) Drink 10 glasses of water everyday.Water is the best solution for acne treatment.Water removes all the toxins from the human body in the form of urine and  heals the body within.So drink plenty of water.Its good for overall health of our body.

(2)Dont touch your face frequently.Germs from our hands irritate our skin and also plenty of bacteria are there in our hands to cause infection.So Wash your hands often with antibacterial soap.

(3)Eat more fruits and vegetables every day.They supplemet our body with vitamins and other essentials aminoacids that play a very important role in healing of these skin tissues.

 (4) Take vitamin supplements.Vitamin A is very good for the skin and it can help you to get rid of your acne faster.Infact,most of lotions and creams used for acne treatment contain vitamin A and niacin in them.Vitamin E is found to prevent scarring.

(5)Wash your face daily twice with antibacterial soap.Dont overdo it as it may worsen the acne.

(6) Fomentation can be applied to open the pores and squeeze out the waste matter.Then rinse with cold water.

(7) Wash the affected area with lemon juice.This is proved to be highly beneficially in healing process.

(8) Externally applied pastes.Prepare a paste with a mixture of cucumbers, oatmeal cooked in milk,carrots and apply over the affected area and keep it on for half an hour and then wash off with cold water.This also helps with the healing process.

To conclude,acne is not a major issue affecting one’s physical health.So many myths about acne are revolving us which has to be thrown off to have a peaceful solution for acne.As for the acne treatment,its better to go with the traditional natural acne treatment rather than drugs and lotion having side effects besides their beneficial effects.

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Studying Acne in Teens

In This part

Addressing teenage acne

Figuring out what causes teenage acne

Acne is the most common skin problem that teenagers face.

Just about nine out of ten have to deal with pimples or acne at some time, or nearly 90 percent of teenagers have to deal with at least an occasional breakout of pimples. In this part get the lowdown on teenage acne. Help you spot teenage acne in all its glory.

Identifying Teenage Acne

We dermatologists generally refer to the acne that you get as a teenager as acne vulgaris. Yeah, it sounds horrible, but vulgaris is the Latin word for “common,” not “obnoxious” or “repugnant.” And as you saw in the stats I just tossed around, common is a good choice of words! (Some adults also suffer from acne vulgaris that sticks around after the teen years turn to the 20s and beyond. But most adults usually have a somewhat different type of acne, which

I discuss in part 7.) In teenagers, acne is one of the signals that your body is going through a tremendous upheaval called puberty (see the Understanding the Causes of Teenage Acne” section, later for details). Teenage acne often begins around the ages of 10 to 13. It may start before puberty in both sexes, but teenage girls tend to start getting acne at a younger age than boys; however, boys tend to have the more severe cases. Studies have shown that puberty is occurring at an earlier age these days, and so is acne. Most teenagers grow out of it when they reach 19 or 20; however, don’t be surprised if your acne persists into your early 20s and even into later adulthood. But just because acne is common and almost every teen suffers through it doesn’t mean you can’t do anything about it. You don’t have to just wait for it to go away. That’s what I’m here for — to help you knock out those pimples, whiteheads, and blackheads. With so many excellent acne treatments available today, treating your acne will prevent (or at least greatly lessen) the scarring that often results from untreated acne.

The curious case of the mail-order miracle

David is 16. He first started getting acne when he was about 14 when he saw a few small whiteheads and blackheads on his forehead and nose. Then his skin became greasy. His mom told him that if he just washed his face more often, his skin would look better and the pimples would clear up. But despite increased washing, his acne got worse and he started developing a few red pimples in addition to the whiteheads and blackheads. His mom started buying an acne cream from the drugstore. David tried it for a few months and it seemed to help a little. But when he turned 16, he became really embarrassed and extremely self-conscious about how bad his acne made him look and he hated going to school. His mom then ordered a product that she saw advertised by doctors and movie stars on television. It was very expensive, but it promised to stop David’s acne in its tracks! So Mom began ordering it by mail on a monthly basis. But just like the other over-the-counter product that she tried, this one helped a little, but not for long. By the time his mother brought him to me, David’s acne was completely out of control, and the mail-order product was starting to really irritate his face. After a few months of prescription cream medication, his face became almost completely free of acne! I reminded David and his mom about a few key points: You can’t wash acne away, and in many cases washing your face too frequently or scrubbing too hard can worsen the appearance of acne. I also mentioned that it’s hard for movie stars and “television doctors” who have never even seen your skin to make the correct diagnosis, let alone know exactly the best way to treat your personal skin problem. Not that many teens have real problems (like scars or serious emotional problems) from acne, but if you do, there are a bunch of things that can be done to help you with those issues as well. In later parts, I cover the physical scars and the emotional ride that some teens with acne have to endure

Studying teen skin

Teenagers’ faces are all different. Your skin may be dark or light complexioned. You may have dry skin, oily skin, combination skin, sensitive skin, or be “thick-skinned” (I’m talking blowtorch-resistant, here). I can’t generalize, but there are a couple of tendencies that make your skin different from that of adults:

More oiliness and less sensitivity: Teen skin tends to be a little oilier, and that’s probably a good thing because many treatments that are effective for teenage acne can be somewhat irritating to the more sensitive skin that commonly affects adults. The extra oil serves as a waterproof barrier between you and the outside world and protects your skin from irritation

Easier to heal: Your skin tends to be more “forgiving” and to heal more completely after experiencing acne. This is especially important when it comes to avoiding permanent scars and those dark spots that tend to appear in people of colour when their acne lesions heal. We go into physical scars of acne later on and the dark spots and other issues related to acne in dark complexioned skin a little after that.

Exploring teen acne

Good ol’ acne vulgaris, teenage acne. If you have it, you have an idea what it looks like but there may be more in store. Plus, if you skipped over parts 4 and 5, getting a handle on some of the terminology here can help you out if your dermatologist starts throwing it around. So, without further delay, here are the main features of teen acne:

Centred on the T-zone: Typically, teenage acne tends to flare up on the forehead, nose, and chin. Sometimes however, acne can have a mind of its own and it can pop up anywhere on your face or trunk.

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Blackheads and whiteheads: We dermatologists call these two unwelcome visitors comedones. Actually we call blackheads open comedones and whiteheads closed comedones. (You have to turn back to find out why) These black and white bumps are largely the upshot of teen acne and aren’t so common in adults.

Inflammatory lesions: These acne lesions are called papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. These are the red, pus-filled, lumpy, inflamed, and sometimes sore, painful zits.

Tracking acne’s footsteps

In its full glory, teenage acne generally looks like a mixture of blackheads and whiteheads (comedonal acne) with papules and pustules (inflammatory acne) and macules (healing lesions). Awesome! Here’s how teenage acne can look in different kids. Maybe you’ll find your type in one of the following descriptions:

Initially, the main lesions may be whiteheads and blackheads. Often they start out in a nice, embarrassing, central location —

The nose and forehead, this part called the T-zone is where your skin tends to be most oily and, therefore, likely to develop acne. As time goes on, you may discover a zit (also called pimples or papules; the red stuff) here and there, and an additional blackhead or whitehead now and then. There’s a good chance that they will come and go. At this point, we’re still in the “it’s no big thing” stage. This type of acne is a rite of passage that almost all of us go through. If you’re lucky, this will just pass by itself or you can help it clear up with some inexpensive over-the-counter stuff that you can buy at your local drugstore (see later on for the names of these medications).

Sometimes, however, the going can get a little rougher: The whiteheads and blackheads want to hang around a lot longer and sometimes a population spurt of inflammatory papules and pustules really start making their presence felt. They can be seen in the centre of the face but may also be scattered all over the place including your neck, chest, and back. If you have dark skin, you may not see all of this red stuff because your acne may look brown or even darker on your skin (see later where we look at acne in darker skin).As individual acne lesions heal, macules (dark red or purple spots) form and linger until the lesion heals completely. The macules may look brown or almost black in colour if you are very dark-complexioned.

In some teens, especially those who have inherited a tendency to develop scarring acne, acne nodules may appear.

They can get quite large, lumpy, and painful. They’re inflamed lesions that are situated deeper than ordinary papules and pustules and can, if they go untreated, leave deep or thickened scars. This is called nodular acne fortunately, even if acne reaches this point, dermatologists can treat it very effectively in many people with oral antibiotics and, if necessary, with an oral retinoid, known as isotretinoin, or Accutane. (I discuss this drug later) Besides these strong medicines, we have many new tricks, such as lasers and special lights to treat your acne. Later we explain these cutting-edge treatments.

Understanding Causes of Teenage Acne

You may think you have teenage acne as some sort of punishment for a crime you didn’t even know you committed. Actually though, you’re breaking out for two main reasons. The first is that, as you mature, your hormones are telling your oil glands to produce too much oil, and your body isn’t handling the oil very well. Another reason you’re breaking out? Well, you may be able to go ahead and blame your parents or other ancestors for this one. Heredity plays a huge role in whether you end up with acne. In part 7, I go over both topics to give you a better idea of why you’re breaking out. (Later I provide you with many other theories and possible causes of acne.)

Hormones gone wild

By the time you hit puberty, it may seem like all you hear about is hormones and how they’re to blame for every problem you have, from shyness to a low paying job to acne. In the case of acne, what people are telling you is the truth. Hormones are to blame! Hormones are the chemical messengers that provide the signals that regulate many of your body’s functions and that are responsible for the changes you experience during puberty. They’re also responsible for bringing your acne to the forefront. The most important hormones when it comes to acne are your androgens. Androgens are really a group of closely related hormones. The androgen testosterone is the main “male” hormone. Besides bringing on puberty-related changes, it’s also central to our acne story. Androgens are a natural part of development for both boys and girls, but boys tend to produce more of them, especially testosterone, which is why boys have bigger bodies and stubbly beards. The higher level of testosterone in boys is considered to be the reason that they tend to get more severe breakouts of acne than do girls. As in males, androgens also are necessary for the development of acne in females. Estrogen and progesterone are female hormones that play the primary role in puberty. These female hormones play less important roles in the evolution of teenage acne than do androgens, but their influence on acne’s ups and downs, as well as their part in its treatment, is significant. We look into both of them in relation to adult onset acne later, and tell how they’re used in the treatment of acne in later parts.

Dousing occasional flare-ups

When she was in eighth grade, Margot’s parents had taken her to see a dermatologist who prescribed a cream and a gel. This approach worked very well for several years and kept her acne under good control. However, during midterms in her sophomore year of college, she began getting red bumps all over her face. She started to wear a cover up makeup, which she hated to use. “It looked so artificial,” she said. “I stopped going out on dates; I was so embarrassed about the way I looked.” Moreover, her pimples would flare up “like clockwork” right before her periods. An oral antibiotic was recommended (acne medications that are taken by mouth) might help to clear up her skin. She said that she was somewhat reluctant to start taking them because she was concerned about the possible dangers, but nonetheless agreed to start taking them. Later, she was very pleased with how much progress she’d made. Her face was looking better and her red pimples were now flat, so she could more easily cover them with makeup, then suggested that she gradually taper off the oral antibiotic by lowering her dosage and suggested that hopefully she could “wean” herself off of the oral therapy and see if the cream and gel alone would do the job. We agreed that we could try the oral method again, if necessary. The system worked very well. Except for breakouts before her period, Margot’s acne was not much of a problem. On several occasions during her junior and senior years, oral antibiotics were required and they continued to have success in quelling bad flare-ups.

Watch this space for part 7

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Battlestar bacteria

The microcomedo may develop into, and remain, a comedo. But sometimes it becomes an inflammatory lesion. Inflammation is a reaction of the skin to disease or injury; in the case of acne, the inflammation is a reaction to the bacteria known as Propionibacterium acnes. Signs of an inflammatory lesion include swelling, redness, heat, and sometimes pain. The presence of these bacteria does not mean that poor hygiene is a cause of your acne. Here’s a list of common inflammatory acne lesions:

Papule: A small, firm red bump, commonly referred to as a pimple or zit. It’s made up of inflammatory blood cells and doesn’t contain obvious pus.

Pustule: A papule that contains pus, a whitish, goopy substance that’s really just a bunch of white blood cells. Pustules are also known as “pus pimples.”

Nodule: A large and often tender, lumpy, inflamed, pus-filled papule or pustule that’s lodged more deeply in the skin. The term cyst is often used interchangeably to mean “nodule” because of the resemblance of a nodular acne lesion to a cyst. One other common acne lesion is sometimes formed late in the lifecycle of a lesion from the remains of an inflammatory lesion:

Macule: A macule is a flat red, purple, or brown spot that forms where a papule or pustule used to be. A macule remains for a while after an acne lesion has healed or is in the process of healing.

P. acnes jumps in

In order for comedones to move up the inflammation chain into a full-blown lesion, they need the help of a certain bacteria. You know how people add yeast to make a cake rise? Well, the bacterium known as Propionibacterium acnes helps make the zits rise. From now on, I just call it P. acnes, for short. P. acnes is an anaerobe. which means that it prefers to live in areas that have very little oxygen such as in the low oxygen environment that exists in a hair follicle. P. Acnes will generally mind its own business. These usually “friendly” and harmless bacteria are present on everybody’s skin, but in the proper environment (like a nice roomy, oily, hair follicle), they can cause trouble: In some kids and adults who are predisposed to have acne, P. acnes invade the plugged hair follicles (the comedones) and multiply. These P. acnes never become bored or go hungry because they continuously munch on the oily, fatty sebum that serves as a food supply for them. They accomplish this culinary feat by producing chemicals known as enzymes. Enzymes are proteins that cause a chemical change in other substances without being changed themselves. P. acnes enzymes are like our knives and forks that help us to chop up our food into smaller pieces so that it’s digestible. The P. acnes produces the enzyme lipase, which can split apart certain fats (triglicerides) into smaller pieces (free fatty acids) so they can digest them. P. acnes eating breakfast, lunch, and dinner, combined with the force of the trapped sebum, can cause ruptures or leaks in the wall of the comedo, allowing the free fatty acids into the surrounding dermis. (Check out later parts for information about the dermis,)

Calling all white blood cells!

When the bacteria start to use their lipases to produce free fatty acids, it causes other chemical 911 signals to be sent to your white blood cells. That’s because the free fatty acids are very irritating to the skin. Your body responds to the irritation by recruiting an army of red and white blood cells (sounds like the Russian revolution!) to seal off the area where the free fatty acids and bacteria are located. White blood cells are your body’s natural defence system. They rush to the scene accompanied by red blood cells to try to clean up the mess. Despite their good intentions, sometimes these helpful little cells overdo it and produce inflammatory acne lesions. The cleanup attempt results in red swollen pimples or pustules, which may lead to even larger lumps, papules, and nodules.

Scarring:  The repair kit

The responsibility of repairing any injury that takes place belongs to cells in the dermis known as fibroblasts. These cells produce collagen. The collagen in your dermis plays the major role in patching up any damage to your skin. When there is an overproduction of collagen, the excess collagen becomes piled up in fibrous masses, resulting in a characteristic firm scar. The P. acnes bacterium can also contribute to destruction by releasing tissue-destroying chemicals that can damage normal collagen, and result in scarring.

It’s Latin

The word comedo means a “glutton” in Latin and derives from a verb meaning to eat; the microcomedo must be a little glutton? The word is comer to those of you who know some Spanish. Do you think the ancient Romans knew about the voracious eating habits of P. acnes, or did they just think that acne was caused by eating too much Roman junk food? Another conjecture has it that the ancients imagined the blackhead to be a flesh-eating maggot or “flesh worm.” Gross! Acne scars are the visible reminders of where the body’s inflammatory battle against an acne lesion took place. The deeper an acne lesion is lodged in the skin, the greater the chance for scarring. For more on scars see later parts

Classifying Acne

It’s important for us dermatologists to be able to describe acne in various categories. It helps us to better understand what our patients have to say and it helps to communicate with one another. It also helps to follow the progress or lack of progress in  treatments. Here are the basic categories of acne; terms that you’ll run into later in these parts and likely in your doctor’s office:

Non-inflammatory acne: This category of acne is identified when a person’s lesions are primarily whiteheads and blackheads. it’s sometimes called comedonal acne, because it’s characterized by comedones.

Inflammatory acne: In this type of acne, papules or pustules, red or purple macules, and nodules, often termed “cysts,” are predominant. A single patient can have a combination of both non-inflammatory and inflammatory acne. Typically, this combination is seen in teenagers rather than adults. Adults more often have inflammatory acne. The way acne is treated often depends on which type you have:

For acne that is primarily comedonal with blackheads and whiteheads, we use agents known as retinoids, such as Retin-A, Differin, or Tazorac to treat them. These drugs are comedolytic, which means they break up comedones.

If you have inflammatory acne, we tend to rely more often on benzoyl peroxide and/or topical and oral antibiotics.

If you have a combination of both types of acne, we tend to use benzoyl peroxide in combination with the retinoids.

You can read more about these treatments, and many others later on in subsequent parts

A mountain or something much smaller?

Keep in mind that one person’s “mild” is another person’s “severe” and vice versa: To illustrate this point, I must tell you about two types of patients: A 35-year-old man appeared covered with papules, pustules, nodules, and scars on his face and chest. When  asked for the reason for his visit, he pointed to his finger and said, “For this wart.” He wasn’t in the least concerned about what I considered to be his severe acne. I asked him about it and he said, “All the men in my family have acne and I, like them, have no problem living with it. I’m married, and my wife couldn’t care less about it either,” he continued. So his wart treated he left with a smile. On the other hand several patients, both male and female, who call every few months extremely upset if they get even one small pimple on their chins. Moral: A pimple is in the eyes of the beholder, or one person’s mountain is another person’s molehill.

Link to Part 6

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The events that take place in the sebaceous glands and hair follicles trigger acne. The exact cause is unknown; however, regardless   of a person’s age, acne is a condition of clogged hair follicles and the reaction of sebaceous glands, glands that are attached to hair follicles and produce an oily substance called sebum. Mix in some dead skin cells that become “sticky” and block the pores, add a bit of bacteria, and you have the makings of a breakout.

Doctors believe that these events, and acne itself, result from several related factors, including your hormones (which are responsible for increasing oil production) and heredity (the tendency to develop acne is often inherited from parents and other relatives).

Less commonly, acne can occur as a reaction to certain drugs and chemicals, and other physical factors may exacerbate the problem, but I’ll put one myth to bed right now that will come as good news. Pizza, French fries, and other greasy foods don’t cause acne or make it worse. You’re welcome! Before you snidely bring this mistaken notion to your mom’s attention, another one of her common statements is right on the money: “Quit playing with your face.” Picking does make zits worse!

Waking up to zits

In most cases, acne starts between the ages of 10 and 13 and usually lasts for 5 to 10 years. The appearance of teenage acne (acne vulgaris is the technical term that I throw around here and there) is largely the result of your body’s increased production of hormones. The good news is that those embarrassing blemishes usually go away and are often gone for good by the time you reach your early 20s. However, the not-so-good news is that for some unlucky folks, acne vulgaris can persist into their late 20s or 30s or even beyond. But back to the good news: There are many steps you can take to zap the zits and improve the appearance of your skin, as I explain later in this series “Creating Your Acne-Treating Program” section,

Taking it on the chin later in life

Although acne is typically thought of as a condition of youth, an ever-growing number of women (less often men) get acne for the first time as adults. Acne is no longer just a teenage affliction. There’s definitely been a rise in the number of adult women in their 20s and 30s with acne – even those who never had a pimple before! Teenage and adult-onset acne have somewhat different characteristics. For one thing, the appearance is different: Adults have fewer blackheads and whiteheads; for another, adult acne tends to be more often located on the lower part of a woman’s face, Also, the appearance of female adult-onset acne is often closely linked to a woman’s menstrual cycle as well as increased sensitivity to hormones such as those brought about by pregnancy, starting or stopping birth control pills, and other hormonal abnormalities. If you’re really unlucky, you have adult-onset acne and have also brought along some acne vulgaris from your teenage years. I will provide the full story on acne in adult women later on in this series. Until the last couple of decades, there was very little anyone could do to treat acne. But we’ve now come a long way from the “dark ages” of arsenic and puppy blood (see the sidebar “Ye olde pimple remedies”). Now we have excellent methods to treat acne and the future looks even brighter.

There are Over-the-counter topical (applied to the skin) products that contain such tried-and-true medicines as benzoyl peroxide

See later on in the series for a complete list of products, their pros and

cons, and how to use them effectively.

Topical antibiotics and retinoids

Oral antibiotics

Hormones and anti-androgens for females

Oral retinoids, like Accutane

Chemical peels, special lasers, and lights

Some people also claim that various alternative and complementary approaches have helped improve their

I will discuss all these treatments later on in the series and in more depth.

To treat or not to treat yourself that is the question

If you’re just starting to get breakouts or you have really mild acne with a few blemishes here and there, the over-the-counter (OTC), do-it-yourself route that I describe later may be just the ticket for you.

Look in the mirror. If you see a few blackheads and whiteheads or a few pimples, you can probably find ways to treat them on your own. You can find many acne products waiting for you at your local pharmacy and cosmetic counters. You can do many things to improve the appearance of your skin  yourself if you’re a teenager just starting to get acne. Shelves are also stocked with products specifically geared toward adult women.

You can also follow some of my skin-care tips and further ideas to help you that I bring up throughout the series, like the face-washing, tips for healthy skin in or the list of things you should never do to your skin in.

Dealing with Acne

Although going to a doctor generally costs more time than buying a cream at your local pharmacy, you’ll likely save time in the long run and get better results than you’ll get by running through the gamut of OTC acne products. Acne can be more serious. In fact, by their midteens, more than 40 percent of adolescents have acne severe enough to require some treatment by a physician or a dermatologist who is an authority when it comes to acne. Adult women who are having problems getting their acne to respond to treatment often need to make an appointment with a doctor. But no matter who you are, you should definitely have your acne evaluated by a knowledgeable healthcare provider if:

Your acne didn’t respond to home remedies, diets, herbal medications, facials, special soaps, or non prescription OTC treatments.

Your skin can’t tolerate the OTC preparations.

Your acne is widespread and it involves your chest and back.

Your acne is beginning to scar or has already scarred.

Your acne has become more severe.

You are a female who develops facial hair or has irregular periods I this issue in depth later

You’re not a “do-it-yourselfer” and you want the pros to handle your acne.

You have dark skin, and patches that are darker than your normal skin appear after your acne lesions clear. (For treatment considerations particular to folks with darker skin, see later.)

In addition, you may require help dealing with acne scars, both the physical and emotional:

Preventing and repairing scars

Even very mild or occasional breakouts have the potential to leave permanent scars. There are now exciting innovations in dermatologic surgery using lights, lasers, and chemical peels to help improve the appearance of the skin before and after acne has left its marks.

Healing the other scars:

The emotional effects of acne haven’t always been fully appreciated, but many studies have demonstrated its damaging psychological impact. Nowadays there is a much greater interest in preventing and healing the inner scars of acne. Later on I talk about the psychological and social scars of acne.

Avoiding quickie, cures

Because your acne appears on your face and everyone can see it, you may feel desperate to make it go away. But because it’s not life threatening, you may feel reluctant or embarrassed to go to your healthcare provider about it. Certain people prey on that knowledge. They want to sell you expensive over-the-counter acne “cures” that don’t do you any good, or get you to order them after watching testimonial-filled infomercials. The people giving those acne “testimonials” on TV are almost always professional actors reading a script. And even those stories that are “real” generally mean nothing. You can always find one or two success stories while ignoring 99.9 percent of failures. Even if it’s on TV, on the radio, the Internet, or in magazines, that doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true. The world of acne fighting is filled with snake oils and false promises. There are promises that guarantee “five day cures” for your acne, and there are the real slow pokes that state, “try this all time tested home treatment for acne and have clearer blemish-free skin within 30 days of use.” You can find many similar “cures” if you search the Internet, so check out later on where I give you some roadmaps to some realistic acne advice you can find on the Web. Also, check out quackwatch.com, a non profit organization whose purpose is to combat health-related frauds, myths, fads, and fallacies pertaining to health-related issues. Its primary focus is on quackery-related information.

click below for part 2

http://www.bukisa.com/articles/149401_the-dos-and-donts-of-acne-remedies-part-2

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